I - Augment within agriculture and industry arrived due to innovations in several regions
"The Mexica dredged a rich and fertile muck from the lake's bottom and built it up into small plots of land known as chinampas. During the dry season, cultivators tapped water from the canals leading from the lakes to their plots, and in the temperate climate they grew crops of maize, beans, squashes, tomatoes, peppers, and chiles year-round"- Bentley 3rd edition
This shows how beneficial a new type of farming technique was. Because they were limited by what they were given, the Aztecs were able to turn their banes into boons. Soon, they were very successful in growing crops.
This shows how beneficial a new type of farming technique was. Because they were limited by what they were given, the Aztecs were able to turn their banes into boons. Soon, they were very successful in growing crops.
![Picture](/uploads/9/8/1/6/98164674/published/tp50e2ff38.jpg?1510975150)
Waru Waru- inverse of chinampas. Peruvians raised the soil so it was cultivable; they lived in the high mountains.
Terracing- steep mountains were carved into flat lands so they could be cultivated
Horse collar- development of something put around the horse allows for control and better farming techniques
Three field rotation- dividing land into thirds, so only one part is not cultivated. Therefore, there should be a 67% increase in productivity.
Swamp draining- occurred in many places around the world. When the area was too moist for cultivation, swamps were drained for soil
Terracing- steep mountains were carved into flat lands so they could be cultivated
Horse collar- development of something put around the horse allows for control and better farming techniques
Three field rotation- dividing land into thirds, so only one part is not cultivated. Therefore, there should be a 67% increase in productivity.
Swamp draining- occurred in many places around the world. When the area was too moist for cultivation, swamps were drained for soil
II. The fate of cities varied greatly, with periods of significant decline and periods of increased urbanization buoyed by rising productivity and expanding trade networks.
![Picture](/uploads/9/8/1/6/98164674/bubonic_orig.jpg)
This visual representation shows one of the periods of significant decline. The picture shows the effects of the bubonic plague or also known as the Black Death. Originally started in Asia, the trade networks only caused the disease to spread around even more. In concentrated cities, the bubonic plague was horrendous.
Textual Evidence- "...after banana cultivation had spread throughout the continent, the Sub- Saharan population had climbed to 17 million. And by 1000, when the Bantu migrations had introduced agriculture and iron metallurgy to most regions of sub- Saharan Africa, the population had passed 22 million" - Bentley 3rd edition
This quote shows that because of two new innovations, the population of sub- Saharan Africa increased dramatically. Bananas traveled along the trade routes, and iron was introduced to sub Saharan Africa. As a result, agriculture productivity increased, and population increased as well.
This quote shows that because of two new innovations, the population of sub- Saharan Africa increased dramatically. Bananas traveled along the trade routes, and iron was introduced to sub Saharan Africa. As a result, agriculture productivity increased, and population increased as well.
![Picture](/uploads/9/8/1/6/98164674/published/8lj3cvgvocp7taps.jpg?1511026267)
Urban revival- many cities were affected by differing factors which decreased its population. As a result, revival had to have occurred to bring it back.
Interregional trade- countries that traded with each other within the same continent
Epidemics- diseases that spread along trade routes and caused extreme deaths and affected vast numbers
Maritime Trade routes- the emergence of sea routes encouraged trade and innovations
Commercial centers- port cities sometimes emerged as centers for trade, attracting merchants from all around
Interregional trade- countries that traded with each other within the same continent
Epidemics- diseases that spread along trade routes and caused extreme deaths and affected vast numbers
Maritime Trade routes- the emergence of sea routes encouraged trade and innovations
Commercial centers- port cities sometimes emerged as centers for trade, attracting merchants from all around
III. Despite significant continuities in social structures and in methods of production, there were also some important changes in labor management and in the effect of religious conversion on gender relations and family life.
![Picture](/uploads/9/8/1/6/98164674/serfs-orig_orig.jpg)
This picture shows a type of labor called European serfdom. The workers had to work for the lord of the land, and everything that they did went to them. They received little to no money, and there were many critics of this type of labor. Some were paid with parts of the shares of the crop, while others were given some sort of reward.